Naming Compounds & Formulas

In class we learned how to name compounds and formulas. At first I had trouble learning how to name and write out the formulas.  We took a test on this I didn't do so good at first but the second time I fixed it up and got the hang of it.  We did this lab called " If your Cat took chemistry, would she eat this stuff?"  This lab was to help us with naming formulas and compounds. We also had these cheat sheets that help me learn how to write the formulas out and it also had the names of the compounds, so it was big help.

Mini Lab we kind of did.

 These are the cheat sheets that helped me solve all the problems.  They help a lot. ====>

This is the test I had trouble on at first but after a while I got the hang of it.  I fixed my mistakes on this one I only missed each problem by a hair!

TYPES OF REACTIONS

This lab we did seven mini labs.  This was very interesting because each reaction reacted different from one another.  The purpose of this laboratory activity is to discover  the characteristics of different types of reactions.

BALANCED EQUATIONS:

Number 1: HC1+Mg ==> MgCl2+H2    

     

Number 2:  2Mg+O2 ====>2MgO+ Energy  (Combustion Reaction)

                              

Number 3:  Cu+O2 ===>2CuO+ Energy  

                            2

Number 4: (NH4)2 CO3 ===> 2NH3 + CO2  + HO2   (Decomposition Reaction)
           


Number 5:  2H2O2====> 2H2O2+O    
           

Number 6:  Pb(NO)3+ 2Kl ==> Pbl2+ KnO3
                                 
Number 7: CuCO3 ===> CuO+O2          (Decomposition Reaction)
       


These are the balanced equations and what kind of reaction each little lab was.  The papers above explain what procedures we did on each mini lab.  This lab we learned a lot on reactions and we learned how to balance them this lab was fun because we got to see many different kinds of reactions in one lab!!

PERIODIC TABLE

 The periodic table is a very important thing we use as a tool in Chemistry class. The periodic table is table of elements which are arranged by order of atomic number. The standard form of the table includes periods which are horizontal on the periodic table.  Groups are also important in the periodic table they are the vertical columns on the periodic table. Elements in groups have some similar properties to each other. There is no one single or best structure for the periodic table but by whatever consensus there is, the form used here is very useful. The periodic table is such a useful tool in chemistry that we have used for hundreds of years to solve problems about our universe.  Many chemists have put the time in to form this periodic table and it is still being added to now days. On the periodic table it consists of metals and non-metals.  There are also groups in the metals which are named, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, lanthanoids, actinoids, transition metals, and post-transtion metals.  Each of these groups consists of metals on the periodic  table and they have similar chemical properties which why they are classified.  The non-metals are classified in groups called, metalloids, other non-metals, halogens, and noble gases.  Each element has its own atomic number, the atomic number tells how many protons are in an element.  Elements in the periodic table also have mass numbers, which tell how many neutrons and protons are in the element.  There periodic table is used a lot in our chemistry class and is a great tool to help with many problems.

1: Atomic Number
Hydrogen: NAME
H: Symbol
1.008: Mass Number

We used this website called ptable.com.  This was a very good website to help with the periodic table. We did this worksheet where we had to find the boiling point, melting point, density, atomic radius, electronegatvity, and number of isotopes. This website gave us all this information of elements on the periodic table.

MAGNESIUM LAB

In class we did a lab on lighting magnesium on fire.  We did many steps to complete this lab.  We also tested its conductivity to see if it gave and electron away, which it did. That makes it a ion.  The magnesium reacted with the air.  This lab was very interesting and taught me a lot.

Atomic Structure!

Separation LABS

What is separation? Separation is pulling things apart by size and color, taking things apart that are mixed.  In our first lab we had a mixture of black sand, iron, marble chips, and calcium chloride.  We put 15 grams of each into a beaker.  We traded with another group who had a different mixture.  When we got the other group's beaker we started to filter out the big rocks which were marble chips and boiling stones. After we got them out we started to pick out the boiling stones which had a different shape and color as the marble chips. After that we had the black sand and iron mixed together. This was pretty fun to separate because we ran a magnet through the two substances and the iron stuck to the magnet.  We put the iron into a different beaker.  After all the substances were separated we weighted each one.  The black sand wighted 9.36 grams, marble chips 10.5 grams, iron 11.25 grams, and the boiling stones 7.95 grams.  After we separated all of them they didn't weigh the same and before, I am not sure why but I think you lose some of the substances as you separate them.  You always have to take your time or you can lose a lot more and your measurements will be way off.  This lab was very interesting and it helped you learn how to use separation.

In the second lab we got different colors and drew on a filter paper.  After you drew you poked a hole in the center of the paper.  Then you put a piece of paper towel in the hole and put it in water.  After a while the colors started separating. The dark colors stayed in the middle of the paper as the light colors started to move out.  The lighter molecules in the light color were easier to move out and the darker color  molecules were heavier which made them stay in the middle.  This was very cool to see all the colors separate from one another.  The water was the main key of separation in this lab.  In the first lab we physically separated each little substance by hand but in the second lab we used water to separate the colors.

Properties Of Matter

• Chemistry is the study of properties and behavior of matter.
• All the physical stuff in our universe is called matter. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
• ENERGY IS NOT MATTER!
• There are three basic forms of matter on the Earth.

1. Solids-holds shape and fixed volume
2. Liquids-shape of container, free surface, and fixed volume
3. Gases- shape of container and volume of container

• Is there more than three states of matter?

Yes there is more than three states of matter and its plasma, Plasma is by far the most common form of matter. Plasma is in the stars and outer space, it makes up over 99% of the visible universe.

• Substance- a substance is matter of a particular kind.
• Each substance has its own unique blend of properties, each substance is different from one another. The purest or simplest form of a substance is an element.
• There are 117 known elements. 94 of them occur natural.
• A pure substance containing more than one different element is a compound.
• Elements in compounds are combined in ratios.
• A molecule is a substance of two or more atoms in a definite arrangement held together by a chemical bond.

A diatomic molecule contains only two atoms.
A polyatomic molecule contains more than two atoms.

• A mixture consists of two or more different substances physically combined.

For example a salad is a mixture you have all the different vegetables, you can separate each vegetable from each other.

• There are two types major types of mixtures:

1. Heterogenous- which means "different"
2. Homogenous- which means "the same"

• A solution is a special type of mixture.
• A solution is a homogeneous mixture that combines a solute and solvent. 

Solute- the solid part that gets dissolved.  For Ex: salt and sugar
Solvent- the liquid part that does the dissolving.  For Ex: water

• Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter present

Example- Density, chemical composition, temperature, and flammability

• Extensive properties depend upon the amount of matter that is present.

Example- Mass, volume, and weight

• A chemical change is a reaction that transforms a substance into a new substance or substances with different properties.

For example: A match burning, an explosion, and rust.

• Anything more dense than water will sink
• Anything less dense than water will float.

• Scientific notation is a way of expressing very large or small numbers which are awkward to say and write.

Example: 51,300 ====> Scientific notation- 5.13x10^4

This is where I got my information

http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=5236