Separation LABS

What is separation? Separation is pulling things apart by size and color, taking things apart that are mixed.  In our first lab we had a mixture of black sand, iron, marble chips, and calcium chloride.  We put 15 grams of each into a beaker.  We traded with another group who had a different mixture.  When we got the other group's beaker we started to filter out the big rocks which were marble chips and boiling stones. After we got them out we started to pick out the boiling stones which had a different shape and color as the marble chips. After that we had the black sand and iron mixed together. This was pretty fun to separate because we ran a magnet through the two substances and the iron stuck to the magnet.  We put the iron into a different beaker.  After all the substances were separated we weighted each one.  The black sand wighted 9.36 grams, marble chips 10.5 grams, iron 11.25 grams, and the boiling stones 7.95 grams.  After we separated all of them they didn't weigh the same and before, I am not sure why but I think you lose some of the substances as you separate them.  You always have to take your time or you can lose a lot more and your measurements will be way off.  This lab was very interesting and it helped you learn how to use separation.

In the second lab we got different colors and drew on a filter paper.  After you drew you poked a hole in the center of the paper.  Then you put a piece of paper towel in the hole and put it in water.  After a while the colors started separating. The dark colors stayed in the middle of the paper as the light colors started to move out.  The lighter molecules in the light color were easier to move out and the darker color  molecules were heavier which made them stay in the middle.  This was very cool to see all the colors separate from one another.  The water was the main key of separation in this lab.  In the first lab we physically separated each little substance by hand but in the second lab we used water to separate the colors.

Properties Of Matter

• Chemistry is the study of properties and behavior of matter.
• All the physical stuff in our universe is called matter. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
• ENERGY IS NOT MATTER!
• There are three basic forms of matter on the Earth.

1. Solids-holds shape and fixed volume
2. Liquids-shape of container, free surface, and fixed volume
3. Gases- shape of container and volume of container

• Is there more than three states of matter?

Yes there is more than three states of matter and its plasma, Plasma is by far the most common form of matter. Plasma is in the stars and outer space, it makes up over 99% of the visible universe.

• Substance- a substance is matter of a particular kind.
• Each substance has its own unique blend of properties, each substance is different from one another. The purest or simplest form of a substance is an element.
• There are 117 known elements. 94 of them occur natural.
• A pure substance containing more than one different element is a compound.
• Elements in compounds are combined in ratios.
• A molecule is a substance of two or more atoms in a definite arrangement held together by a chemical bond.

A diatomic molecule contains only two atoms.
A polyatomic molecule contains more than two atoms.

• A mixture consists of two or more different substances physically combined.

For example a salad is a mixture you have all the different vegetables, you can separate each vegetable from each other.

• There are two types major types of mixtures:

1. Heterogenous- which means "different"
2. Homogenous- which means "the same"

• A solution is a special type of mixture.
• A solution is a homogeneous mixture that combines a solute and solvent. 

Solute- the solid part that gets dissolved.  For Ex: salt and sugar
Solvent- the liquid part that does the dissolving.  For Ex: water

• Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter present

Example- Density, chemical composition, temperature, and flammability

• Extensive properties depend upon the amount of matter that is present.

Example- Mass, volume, and weight

• A chemical change is a reaction that transforms a substance into a new substance or substances with different properties.

For example: A match burning, an explosion, and rust.

• Anything more dense than water will sink
• Anything less dense than water will float.

• Scientific notation is a way of expressing very large or small numbers which are awkward to say and write.

Example: 51,300 ====> Scientific notation- 5.13x10^4

This is where I got my information

http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=5236